Air India Crash: What Is Known About the Boeing 787 Dreamliner Involved

Air India Crash: What Is Known About the Boeing 787 Dreamliner Involved

An Air India Boeing 787 Dreamliner crashed shortly after takeoff from Ahmedabad in western India on 12 January, while en route to London Gatwick. Flight AI171 was carrying 242 people, including 169 Indian nationals, 53 Britons, seven Portuguese, and one Canadian. The incident has intensified scrutiny of Boeing’s safety record at a time when the manufacturer is already contending with a prolonged quality crisis and mounting pressure to restore its reputation.

Professor Ali Elham, from the University of Southampton’s Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, provided insights into the Dreamliner’s design and significance in modern aviation.

Innovations and Design Features of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner

The Boeing 787 Dreamliner represents a significant advancement in aircraft design. It was the first Boeing model to incorporate more than 50% composite materials—primarily carbon fibre—in its structure, replacing much of the aluminium used in earlier aircraft. This innovation substantially reduced the aircraft’s weight, which, combined with new engines and enhanced aerodynamics, resulted in lower fuel consumption and reduced carbon emissions compared to previous-generation aircraft such as the 747 and 767.

Another key development in the Dreamliner is its increased reliance on electrification. The aircraft uses batteries to power many onboard systems, reducing dependence on gas turbines and further lowering emissions. This shift aligns with the aviation industry’s broader efforts to improve efficiency and environmental performance.

Safety Record and Previous Challenges

Since its introduction, the 787 Dreamliner has maintained a strong safety record. However, in 2013, a series of incidents involving overheating lithium-ion batteries—some causing smoke or fire—led to a temporary grounding of the fleet. No casualties were reported, and all affected aircraft landed safely. Boeing responded by redesigning the batteries and their containment systems, followed by extensive testing and recertification. Since these measures were implemented, there have been no further battery-related incidents.

The increased use of batteries supports critical systems and advanced electronics onboard, contributing to the aircraft’s efficiency and environmental credentials.

Ongoing Investigation and Broader Implications

At present, no official details have been released regarding the cause of the Air India crash. Professor Elham noted that air crash investigations typically uncover a chain of contributing factors rather than a single cause. The crash occurred shortly after takeoff, a phase of flight statistically associated with higher risk, despite the overall strong safety record of air travel.

The crash carries significant implications beyond the immediate tragedy. Boeing’s shares fell by 4.7% following the incident, reflecting investor concerns about the company’s ongoing quality and safety challenges. This event comes as Boeing strives to rebuild trust and resume key aircraft deliveries after years of setbacks.

For Air India, the crash represents a major challenge to its ambitious transformation and growth plans, particularly amid delays in aircraft deliveries and intensifying competition. The incident also tests the resilience of India’s rapidly expanding aviation sector, which plays a central role in the country’s broader economic and connectivity ambitions.

As investigations continue, both Boeing and Air India face renewed scrutiny over safety, reliability, and their roles in shaping the future of global aviation.