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Establishing a Global Standard

Establishing a Global Standard in Aircraft Recycling
The Aircraft Fleet Recycling Association (AFRA) is pioneering a new benchmark for trust and sustainability within the Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) sector by promoting responsible aircraft disassembly and recycling practices. As the aviation industry confronts a critical decade ahead, with thousands of aircraft scheduled for retirement over the next 20 years, pressure is mounting from regulators, financiers, and passengers alike to enhance sustainability and accountability across the sector.
Addressing a Regulatory Gap in End-of-Service Management
End-of-service management has become central to aviation’s reputation, economic viability, and environmental impact. For the MRO sector, which relies heavily on reliable used serviceable material (USM), the integrity of disassembly and recycling processes is paramount. Unlike maintenance and repair activities, which are governed by established Part 145 regulations, aircraft disassembly has historically lacked a unified global standard. AFRA has emerged to fill this void by representing a global network of companies committed to voluntary Best Management Practices (BMPs). These BMPs have evolved into the industry’s de facto benchmark, prescribing rigorous procedures for part removal, material segregation, documentation, and environmental protection.
Independent accreditation audits ensure compliance with these standards, providing lessors, airlines, and MRO providers with confidence that parts re-entering the supply chain meet consistent technical and sustainability criteria. Lionel G. Roques, AFRA’s executive director, emphasizes the complexity of the disassembly process and the risks posed by improper handling. He notes that AFRA’s BMPs offer the industry a shared reference point to guarantee safe part recovery and responsible material recycling, thereby reducing environmental impact.
Global Recognition and Technological Innovation
AFRA accreditation has gained significant recognition from regulators and industry institutions, becoming a competitive advantage for accredited facilities. A notable development is AFRA’s collaboration with the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC). As China’s fleet expands and aircraft retirements increase, the CAAC has incorporated AFRA’s BMPs into its regulatory framework. This partnership mandates that parts imported into China must originate from AFRA-accredited facilities, marking the first instance of a national authority formally adopting these standards.
The initiative also introduces blockchain-based traceability, with each component recorded in a secure digital ledger developed by Block Aero. This technology ensures an unbroken chain of custody, mitigating the risk of counterfeit or poorly documented parts and enhancing supply chain transparency.
Navigating Challenges Amid Industry Transformation
Despite these advances, establishing a global standard faces considerable challenges. The regulatory environment remains complex and uncertain, with potential developments such as an impending Supreme Court ruling on tariffs threatening market stability. Broader industry trends—including persistent inflation, supply chain volatility, and the emergence of private label brands—are reshaping competitive dynamics across various sectors, including food and insurance, where affordability and economic pressures drive strategic shifts. Competitors are responding by diversifying supply chains, innovating for sustainability, and adapting to evolving regulatory demands.
Market responses to these changes are mixed. While cautious optimism is fueled by increased capital expenditure and advances in artificial intelligence validation, economic uncertainties and regulatory fluctuations continue to generate volatility. For AFRA and its partners, upholding rigorous standards and transparent processes remains essential to navigating these challenges and reinforcing trust within the global aviation supply chain.
As aircraft materials evolve—from predominantly recyclable aluminium to more complex composites and alloys—the necessity for robust and adaptable standards becomes increasingly urgent. AFRA’s leadership in establishing a global reference for responsible disassembly and recycling positions the aviation industry to meet both present demands and future challenges.

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