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China Advances Efforts to Replace Western Components in C919 Supply Chain

China Advances Efforts to Replace Western Components in C919 Supply Chain
Expanding Localization Beyond Engines
China is intensifying its efforts to increase the use of domestically produced components in its flagship narrowbody airliner, the C919, as part of a broader strategy to reduce dependence on Western suppliers. Initially focused on developing indigenous engines, the initiative has expanded to include a wide range of materials such as sealants, paints, bolts, rubber, and cleaning agents. Zhang Xiaoyan, chief engineer at the Aero Engine Corporation of China (AECC)’s Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, highlighted these efforts during an aviation forum in Guangzhou, emphasizing the comprehensive nature of the localization drive.
The C919, which entered commercial service in May 2023, represents a cornerstone of China’s ambition to challenge the Boeing-Airbus duopoly and establish a significant presence in the global aircraft manufacturing industry. By July, the state-owned Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (COMAC) had delivered 42 C919 jets to domestic airlines, signaling the country’s commitment to advancing its aerospace capabilities.
Challenges in Supply Chain Localization and Market Penetration
Despite these advances, the C919 remains heavily reliant on foreign components, particularly its engines, which are supplied by CFM International—a joint venture between GE Aerospace and Safran Aircraft Engines. The replacement of such critical systems with domestic alternatives presents a complex and long-term challenge. Industry experts note that the aircraft has yet to secure certification from major U.S. or European aviation regulators, a crucial hurdle that restricts its ability to compete in international markets.
Furthermore, analysts caution that COMAC’s relatively gradual pace of development and production means that any significant impact on the sales of Boeing and Airbus aircraft is unlikely in the near term. Beyond technical and regulatory obstacles, COMAC faces the challenge of building trust among airlines and passengers by demonstrating the C919’s reliability and providing comprehensive, around-the-clock technical support. Given the complexity of modern aircraft manufacturing and the stringent standards of global commercial aviation, this remains a formidable task.
Strategic Implications of the Localization Drive
Beijing’s push to localize the C919’s supply chain reflects a strategic effort to mitigate supply chain vulnerabilities and geopolitical risks. However, industry insiders acknowledge that reducing dependence on Western suppliers will be a gradual and multifaceted process, requiring sustained investment and technological development over many years. The ongoing efforts underscore China’s determination to establish a more self-reliant aerospace industry, even as it navigates significant technical, regulatory, and market challenges.

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