Lion Air Chooses StandardAero for CFM56-7B Engine Maintenance

Key Questions on Chinese Travel, AI, and Airlines Answered by Skift Skift’s Ask Skift 2.0 has recently provided valuable insights into some of the most critical developments shaping the travel industry today. The discussion centers on evolving trends in Chinese outbound travel, advancements in travel technology, and the expanding role of artificial intelligence (AI) within airlines. The following analysis highlights the key findings and emerging patterns in these areas. The Evolution of Chinese Outbound Travel in 2025 Chinese outbound travel is experiencing a marked transformation, characterized by a significant increase in first-time international travelers. Data from China Trading Desk’s second-quarter survey reveals that 44% of Chinese travelers are venturing abroad for the first time, representing a six-percentage-point rise from the previous quarter. This growth is largely driven by changing traveler motivations, particularly among Generation Z women and newcomers to international travel. These groups are contributing to the emergence of new market segments, including what are being termed the Confidence, Value, She, Emotional, and Silver Economies. Booking behaviors are also shifting, with 77% of travel reservations made within one month of departure and nearly half occurring within just two weeks. While traditional destinations such as Singapore, Japan, and South Korea continue to attract significant interest, there is a notable diversification in preferred locations. Fliggy’s data indicates that bookings to less conventional destinations like Iceland, Morocco, Norway, and Georgia have doubled compared to the previous year. Industry dynamics reflect these changes as well. Southwest Airlines’ inaugural transpacific partnership with China Airlines underscores a growing enthusiasm for global airline collaborations. This development encourages legacy carriers to leverage strong demand for international and premium travel. Conversely, some airlines, including JetBlue, are responding to softer demand by implementing cost-cutting strategies. Innovations in Travel Apps and Platforms The travel technology sector is advancing rapidly, with AI integration playing a pivotal role in enhancing user experiences. In May, Google launched an “AI Mode” for its Search platform, enabling users to pose complex, multi-part travel queries and receive personalized recommendations. This feature utilizes data from Gmail and previous searches to construct tailored itineraries based on a traveler’s bookings. Similarly, Kayak introduced Kayak.ai, an AI-driven trip planner that allows users to search, save, and share flight and hotel options, while also providing access to ChatGPT for more expansive inquiries. Apple has announced plans to introduce digital passports within the iPhone Wallet this autumn, simplifying age and identity verification processes. Additionally, Apple is incorporating live translation capabilities into Messages, FaceTime, and Phone applications, facilitating real-time spoken translation during calls—even when only one participant uses an iPhone. Despite the surge in AI adoption, investors in travel startups urge caution against overhyping the technology. They emphasize the necessity of focusing on practical solutions that address genuine industry challenges rather than adopting AI for its novelty. Nonetheless, nearly 90% of travel marketing leaders anticipate that AI will be a critical driver of business value over the next three years, as marketers increasingly harness AI to generate insights and stimulate growth. Agentic AI Adoption Trends Within Airlines Agentic AI is becoming increasingly integral to customer-facing airline services. Qatar Airways has launched an AI-powered travel agent designed to assist with booking and trip planning. Delta Airlines introduced the Delta Concierge assistant, which offers proactive travel planning and provides notifications related to passports and visas. United Airlines employs its Connection Saver AI system to automatically update passengers on delays and connecting flights. These developments exemplify a broader industry trend toward leveraging AI to enhance operational efficiency and improve the customer experience. As airlines and travel companies continue to integrate AI technologies, the emphasis remains on delivering practical solutions that meet evolving traveler expectations and address ongoing industry challenges.

SAS Commits to Up to 55 Embraer E195-E2 Jets in Fleet Modernization Drive Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) has announced a landmark agreement with Brazilian aircraft manufacturer Embraer to acquire up to 55 E195-E2 jets, marking the airline’s largest direct jet order since 1996. The contract includes a firm commitment for 45 aircraft, with options to purchase an additional ten, representing a deal valued at approximately US$4 billion, excluding purchase rights. Strategic Fleet Renewal and Growth Ambitions This substantial investment forms a cornerstone of SAS’s long-term strategy to modernize its fleet, improve fuel efficiency, and reduce its environmental footprint. The new Embraer jets are expected to support the airline’s expansion plans from its primary hub in Copenhagen, as well as across its wider Scandinavian and international network. Deliveries are slated to commence in late 2027 and will extend over a period of about four years. SAS President and CEO Anko van der Werff described the agreement as a “defining moment” for the airline, underscoring the thorough evaluation process that preceded the decision. He emphasized that the investment reflects confidence in the airline’s future and the robustness of the secured agreement. The Embraer E195-E2 is tailored to meet SAS’s operational requirements, offering enhanced performance, reduced fuel consumption, and improved passenger comfort. Its size and range are anticipated to provide greater operational flexibility, enabling increased flight frequencies on existing routes and facilitating network expansion while maintaining cost efficiency. This move is expected to strengthen regional connectivity throughout Scandinavia and Europe, reinforcing SAS’s competitive position in the international aviation market. Challenges and Competitive Landscape Despite the promising outlook, the fleet renewal presents several challenges. Integrating the Embraer E195-E2 jets into SAS’s regional operations will necessitate meticulous planning, particularly to ensure the compatibility of the Pratt & Whitney PW engines with the airline’s existing maintenance infrastructure. The financial magnitude of the order is also likely to attract scrutiny from analysts and market observers, who will closely monitor SAS’s financial health and strategic positioning amid a competitive regional market. The order arrives amid intensified competition among regional carriers. Industry experts suggest that SAS’s acquisition could trigger responses from rivals such as Skywest, which may explore similar Embraer purchases or consider alternative aircraft like the Airbus A220. Notably, LOT Polish Airlines recently opted for up to 84 Airbus A220s, bypassing Embraer models entirely, highlighting the dynamic and competitive nature of the sector. As SAS embarks on this ambitious fleet renewal, the airline confronts both significant opportunities and challenges in executing its strategy and sustaining its leadership within the evolving European aviation landscape.

China Nears Major Airbus Deal Amid Boeing’s Decline in Chinese Market China is reportedly on the verge of finalizing a substantial aircraft order with European aerospace leader Airbus, potentially acquiring between 100 and 200 new jets. This development would further solidify Europe’s position as China’s preferred supplier of commercial aircraft, despite the continued reliance of some Chinese airlines on American manufacturer Boeing. Shifting Dynamics in China’s Aviation Sector Boeing, which once held a dominant position in the Chinese market, has not secured a significant order from China since 2017. This prolonged absence coincides with escalating trade tensions between Beijing and Washington, compounded by a series of challenges for the US company. These include labor strikes, financial setbacks, and high-profile accidents such as the recent Air India crash involving a Boeing 787 Dreamliner, which resulted in at least 270 fatalities. Industry analysts suggest that China’s potential Airbus order could inflict a serious blow to Boeing’s market share as the country’s aviation sector continues to grow rapidly. Airbus’s European base may provide logistical and diplomatic advantages for Chinese buyers increasingly cautious of geopolitical risks and safety concerns associated with US suppliers. Concurrently, China is advancing production of its domestically developed Comac C919 passenger jet, further diversifying its fleet away from American manufacturers. Brian Yang Bo, an aviation industry veteran and independent consultant, noted, “Buying from Airbus makes a lot of sense now, both commercially and diplomatically. But carriers with Boeing-only fleets are caught on the back foot.” Market Implications and Future Prospects The market has already reacted to the news, with Airbus shares rising amid expectations of increased orders. Conversely, Boeing’s position could deteriorate further if it remains excluded from China’s recent aircraft procurement activities. Some analysts argue that Boeing may need to renegotiate terms or explore alternative markets to compensate for the potential loss of Chinese business. As China moves closer to securing a landmark deal with Airbus, the divide between the two aerospace giants in the Chinese market appears set to widen, presenting Boeing with mounting challenges in one of the world’s most vital aviation arenas.

Portugal Hosts Aviation Pioneers at World Aviation Festival in Lisbon Portugal is solidifying its position as a key player in aviation innovation by hosting the World Aviation Festival (WAF) in Lisbon. This premier event brings together global industry leaders to establish new benchmarks for air transport, underscoring Portugal’s expanding role in influencing the future of international air travel. A Landmark Gathering for Aviation Innovation The 2025 World Aviation Festival, set to take place from October 7 to 9 at Lisbon’s FIL exhibition center, is anticipated to be the most ambitious edition to date. The event will attract over 4,500 aviation professionals, 600 speakers, and more than 400 exhibitors, representing every facet of the aviation value chain. The festival’s comprehensive agenda includes sixteen conference tracks addressing pivotal themes such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, digital transformation, sustainability, customer experience, and airline retail strategies. These sessions aim to deliver both visionary insights and practical solutions for integrating innovation into operational frameworks. Addressing Industry Challenges and Market Shifts As the aviation sector prepares to confront significant challenges in 2025—including decarbonization efforts, heightened customer expectations, and geopolitical uncertainties—the festival serves as a crucial forum for collaboration and strategic problem-solving. Recent analyses from TourismReview highlight the complexity airlines and airports will face in the coming year, emphasizing the importance of the knowledge exchange facilitated by WAF. Market dynamics are also evolving rapidly. There is robust demand for transatlantic routes such as Los Angeles-Lisbon and Boston-Porto, according to TAP Air Portugal’s Chief Operating Officer. Meanwhile, competitors like Iberia are expanding their presence across the South Atlantic, and carriers such as Spirit Airlines continue to grapple with operational difficulties. These developments highlight the necessity for agility and innovation, which will be central themes throughout the festival. Showcasing Cutting-Edge Technologies and Fostering Connections The exhibition will feature groundbreaking advancements in aviation IT, biometrics, digital identity, data analytics, robotics, predictive maintenance, cybersecurity, and e-commerce. Attendees will have the opportunity to engage with live demonstrations, product launches, and the latest platforms that are transforming the industry. Networking remains a fundamental component of the festival experience. The 2025 edition introduces dedicated lounges, matchmaking tools, executive roundtables, and exclusive forums designed to deepen connections and stimulate business growth. Startups, investors, and technology scaleups will benefit from curated sessions and innovation showcases aimed at fostering new ideas and partnerships. Amid mounting pressures and shifting market demands, the World Aviation Festival in Lisbon emerges as a vital platform for advancing progress, exchanging solutions, and shaping the future trajectory of global air travel.

World Star Aviation Facilitates XMAL’s Inaugural Lease Agreement with easyJet World Star Aviation has been instrumental in orchestrating the acquisition and lease of four Airbus A319 aircraft by Xiamen Aircraft Leasing (XMAL) to easyJet. This transaction represents XMAL’s first international aircraft leasing deal, conducted through its newly established Irish entity, Renew Star, and marks a significant step in the company’s strategic expansion beyond its domestic market. Structuring the Deal and Strategic Partnerships The lease agreement was meticulously structured by World Star Aviation, with KEB Hana Bank acting as the mandated senior lender, reflecting a robust partnership and shared confidence among the involved parties. Edward Chen, Chairman of XMAL, emphasized the importance of this milestone, stating, “We are very glad to add easyJet, a leading and premier airline, into our lessee portfolio. This is a significant milestone for XMAL as it marks our first aircraft leasing transaction abroad. We owe this success to our valuable partner, World Star Aviation, whose support was crucial.” Garreth Slevin, Partner at World Star Aviation, expressed optimism about the deal’s implications, noting, “It is a pleasure to be part of this important transaction for XMAL. We believe that the establishment of the Irish platform will open new avenues for growth and collaboration in the international aircraft leasing market. We are proud to support XMAL's journey and anticipate many more successful ventures together.” Challenges and Industry Implications Despite the positive outlook, both World Star Aviation and XMAL face considerable challenges as they navigate the competitive global airline industry. Ensuring the financial sustainability of the lease and managing the operational complexities inherent in cross-border partnerships will be critical to the deal’s success. Market sentiment towards business jets remains cautious, as underscored by recent analysis from Jefferies, which may influence investor and industry responses to such transactions. The aircraft leasing sector is likely to witness strategic responses from competitors aiming to secure comparable high-profile deals or reinforce existing partnerships to maintain their market positions. As XMAL establishes its footprint in the international leasing arena, the outcome of this initial transaction with easyJet will be closely monitored by industry stakeholders. The collaboration between World Star Aviation and XMAL, supported by KEB Hana Bank, sets a precedent for future partnerships and highlights the evolving dynamics within the global aircraft leasing market.

AerFin Completes First Aircraft Disassembly at Hong Kong International Airport AerFin, a prominent aviation asset specialist, has achieved a significant industry milestone by completing the first commercial aircraft disassembly at Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA). This pioneering operation highlights AerFin’s dedication to operational excellence and sustainable aviation practices, while also demonstrating the company’s agility in navigating the complexities of a rapidly changing global supply chain environment. Complex Operation in a Busy Airport Environment The project involved the acquisition and systematic disassembly of six Airbus A330-200 aircraft that had been grounded at HKIA since 2018. Conducting such a technically demanding operation within one of the world’s busiest airports—handling over 1,000 daily flights—required meticulous planning and seamless coordination with multiple stakeholders. AerFin collaborated closely with the Hong Kong Civil Aviation Department (HKCAD), Airport Authority Hong Kong (AAHK), HAECO, and Great China Aviation Consulting (GCAC) to ensure compliance with stringent safety, regulatory, and environmental standards. One of the primary challenges was the safe handling and removal of Pratt & Whitney PW4000 engines. This task necessitated advanced technical planning and innovative engineering solutions to manage the disassembly and logistics without disrupting the airport’s ongoing operations. To mitigate potential interference, AerFin and its partners established a dedicated protected disassembly bay on-site, marking a first for HKIA. Simon Goodson, AerFin’s Chief Executive Officer, emphasized the project’s alignment with the company’s core values. He stated, “This project embodies the AerFin way—a unique blend of commercial insight, operational rigour, and technical excellence. Our team collaborated closely with operators and stakeholders over many months to develop a practical, safe, and efficient disassembly plan, which we executed with precision and professionalism.” Strategic Implications Amid Global Supply Chain Shifts Beyond its technical achievements, the project carries broader strategic significance. As global supply chains become increasingly complex due to shifting tariffs and evolving trade policies, AerFin’s capability to perform such operations at a major international hub enhances its position in supply chain diversification. Airlines and maintenance providers are reassessing vendor networks, parts sourcing, and aircraft selection based on manufacturing origins, while competitors adjust trade routes, network planning, and capacity deployment. The air cargo sector, in particular, faces mounting pressure to revise supply chain strategies amid ongoing policy uncertainties. In 2024, AerFin expanded its strategic inventory by securing 18 of the 32 Airbus A330ceo aircraft permanently retired from commercial service. This acquisition significantly bolsters the company’s stock of high-quality, cost-effective components, enhancing its ability to support A330ceo operators globally. The expanded inventory offers improved value, availability, and comprehensive lifecycle support across the platform. Through this landmark project, AerFin not only affirms its technical and operational leadership but also underscores its resilience and adaptability within a dynamic global aviation market.

Fuji Dream Airlines Extends Partnership with IBS Software Amid Industry Challenges Japanese regional carrier Fuji Dream Airlines (FDA) has renewed its contract with IBS Software, continuing to utilize the company’s cloud-hosted Passenger Service System (PSS) to underpin its core operational functions. This extension follows FDA’s successful transition to a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) model hosted on Amazon Web Services earlier in 2024, a strategic move that has enhanced operational efficiency, reduced the burden of infrastructure management, and strengthened business continuity. Strengthening Digital Transformation Through Collaboration Mitsuo Yamamuro, General Manager at Fuji Dream Airlines, emphasized the critical role of the partnership in the airline’s ongoing digital transformation efforts. He noted that IBS Software has been a dependable collaborator, providing solutions that enable innovation while maintaining the operational stability essential to daily airline functions. Yamamuro expressed optimism about the future, highlighting the airline’s intent to leverage this partnership as it pursues new avenues for growth. From IBS Software’s perspective, Marco Contento, Vice President of Aviation Business Services, underscored the depth of trust cultivated over years of collaboration. He remarked that in an industry where mission-critical digital systems require unwavering reliability, such enduring partnerships empower airlines to confidently embrace innovation and advance their digital transformation agendas. Contento reaffirmed IBS Software’s commitment to supporting FDA throughout this journey. Navigating a Complex and Competitive Aviation Landscape The renewal occurs amid a period of significant change and challenge within the global aviation sector. Airlines worldwide, including competitors like Spirit Airlines, are responding to intensified market competition by forging and renewing technology partnerships aimed at sustaining operational efficiency and preserving market share. Concurrently, the industry grapples with the effects of global tariffs and persistent supply chain disruptions, factors that continue to influence operational costs and strategic decision-making. In this context, the emphasis on digital solutions as a means to optimize operations and enhance customer experience remains paramount. Fuji Dream Airlines’ ongoing investment in cloud-based technology through its collaboration with IBS Software reflects a broader commitment to innovation and resilience, positioning the carrier to navigate an increasingly competitive and uncertain market environment.

Prague Airport Advances Traveler Experience Through Technology Prague Airport, one of Europe’s busiest aviation hubs, is redefining the passenger experience through a comprehensive strategy centered on innovation and digital transformation. By modernizing its operations, emphasizing sustainability, and investing in workforce development, the airport is reshaping how millions of travelers engage with one of the Czech Republic’s most critical infrastructures. Economic Significance and Commitment to Sustainability Handling approximately 18 million passengers annually, Prague Airport serves as a vital economic engine for the Czech Republic, underpinning employment, tourism, and international commerce. The airport generates around €380 million in annual revenue, with more than 30% derived from non-aeronautical sources such as retail, dining, and parking. This diversification not only bolsters financial resilience but also enriches the overall traveler experience. Balancing growth with environmental responsibility, the airport is actively pursuing sustainability initiatives to address rising carbon costs and ecological concerns. Investments include the installation of photovoltaic panels and the electrification of its vehicle fleet, measures designed to reduce carbon emissions and promote greener operations. Embracing Digital Transformation and Predictive Maintenance Central to Prague Airport’s modernization efforts is its transition toward digitalization, particularly through the adoption of predictive maintenance. As part of a strategic asset and renovation master plan, the airport employs the SAP Plant Maintenance module to monitor 68,000 pieces of equipment across eight departments. This approach standardizes operations and facilitates data-driven decision-making, enabling the airport to anticipate and resolve issues before they impact service. Field personnel are equipped with smartphones and a bespoke “Mobile Technician” application, allowing for real-time communication and swift responses to maintenance demands. These technological enhancements streamline facility management and support the airport’s broader objective of operating as a sustainable, future-ready facility. Addressing Integration, Security, and Workforce Challenges Despite the promise of these technological advancements, Prague Airport confronts several challenges. Integrating new systems with existing infrastructure requires meticulous planning to prevent operational disruptions. Ensuring data security and privacy remains a critical priority as digital platforms become increasingly interconnected. Additionally, managing the financial implications of ongoing technological upgrades is essential for maintaining long-term sustainability. Workforce development also presents a significant focus, particularly given the aging demographic of facility managers, whose average age is 53. To bridge this generational divide and attract emerging talent, the airport has established partnerships with local educational institutions aimed at knowledge transfer and inspiring the next generation of aviation professionals. Market responses to these innovations are anticipated to be favorable, with enhanced passenger satisfaction and loyalty potentially driving increased traffic and revenue. Competitors may follow suit with similar investments or strategic collaborations, indicating a broader industry trend toward digital transformation. As Prague Airport advances its traveler experience through technology, it exemplifies how airports can successfully balance modernization, sustainability, and workforce renewal amid a rapidly evolving global aviation landscape.

British Airways Employs AI to Reduce Delays and Cancellations On a warm June afternoon at Heathrow Terminal 5’s remote stand 572, British Airways flight 343 from Nice experienced a delay, arriving nearly 40 minutes behind schedule after a routine go-around to avoid runway congestion. While such delays are common at Europe’s busiest airport, this particular turnaround marked a significant milestone: British Airways employed exclusively zero-emission ground equipment for the first time. The operation utilized buses powered by vegetable oil, lithium battery baggage tugs, and electric passenger steps, reflecting the airline’s commitment to sustainability alongside operational efficiency. A Multibillion-Pound Transformation This sustainable upgrade forms part of a broader, multibillion-pound transformation aimed at enhancing efficiency and reducing delays for passengers. British Airways is preparing for an anticipated surge in summer travel, with aviation data agency Cirium forecasting a record 52 million passengers between June and August, surpassing last year’s 51 million. The combination of rising passenger volumes and ongoing concerns about air traffic control disruptions—exacerbated by hot weather and potential strikes—has intensified pressure on airlines to optimize their operations. In response, British Airways has invested £100 million in advanced artificial intelligence (AI) forecasting tools designed to improve ground operations at Heathrow. CEO Sean Doyle described this initiative as “devising a better way of working on the ground,” with the primary objective of minimizing delays and cancellations. Early indicators suggest the strategy is bearing fruit: in the first quarter of 2025, 86 percent of British Airways flights operated on time. Challenges and Industry Implications Despite promising results, integrating AI into airline operations presents significant challenges. Ensuring that AI systems are trained on data that accurately reflects both current realities and future conditions is essential to prevent flawed decision-making. The aviation sector’s inherent unpredictability—illustrated by the recent suspension of British Airways’ Tel Aviv service amid geopolitical tensions—demands that AI systems remain adaptable to rapidly evolving circumstances. The airline’s competitors are closely monitoring these developments. Carriers that have yet to implement AI solutions may accelerate their adoption to maintain competitiveness in an increasingly technology-driven industry. Passenger reactions to AI integration are mixed; while many welcome the prospect of fewer delays and cancellations, some express concerns about potential biases embedded in AI decision-making processes. Alongside AI and sustainability efforts, British Airways is also introducing new cabins on its latest aircraft, such as the A320neo, and has revamped its loyalty program, The Club. As the airline continues to navigate operational challenges and shifting passenger expectations, the effectiveness of its AI and environmental initiatives will be scrutinized not only by travelers but by the wider aviation industry.

Bombardier's $1.7 Billion Deal Signals the Power of Long-Term Service Partnerships in Aviation Bombardier has established a new precedent in the business aviation sector with a $1.7 billion order encompassing 50 Challenger and Global-series jets, accompanied by an unprecedented long-term maintenance partnership. This landmark agreement not only highlights the company’s strategic shift toward service-driven growth but also reflects a broader industry trend amid accelerating demand for business jets. A New Model for Recurring Revenue Announced on June 30, 2025, the deal includes options for an additional 70 aircraft, potentially increasing its total value beyond $4 billion. What sets this agreement apart is its integrated maintenance package—the first of its kind offered by an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). Leveraging Bombardier’s extensive global service network, which spans 10 facilities across six countries, the company guarantees customers seamless support ranging from routine maintenance to expedited parts delivery. This innovative approach redefines the traditional sales model. Rather than relying solely on one-time aircraft sales, Bombardier secures recurring, higher-margin revenue streams through long-term service contracts. This strategy not only mitigates the cyclical nature of aircraft demand but also generates predictable income and enhances customer loyalty. Industry Dynamics: Rising Demand and Intensifying Competition The timing of Bombardier’s deal coincides with a surge in business aviation demand. Aircraft deliveries are projected to increase by 11% in 2025, generating an estimated $25 billion in value. This robust market growth, however, intensifies competitive pressures. Established manufacturers such as Gulfstream, Dassault Falcon, and Embraer are expected to respond with aggressive marketing, competitive pricing, and enhanced service offerings to protect their market share. Additionally, new entrants may further challenge incumbents, compelling innovation and strategic adaptation. For customers—including private equity firms and corporations—the total cost of ownership is becoming a critical consideration, often outweighing initial purchase price. Maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) expenses constitute 30 to 40 percent of an aircraft’s lifecycle costs, according to a 2024 JETNET report. Bombardier’s bundled service model directly addresses these concerns by reducing operational risks and costs, while discouraging customers from switching to competitors. Investment Outlook: A Strategic Advantage Bombardier’s pivot toward integrated service agreements aligns with successful models in other industries, such as Rolls-Royce’s engine performance contracts. For investors, this approach offers several benefits. Recurring maintenance revenue provides stable cash flows that help offset volatility in new aircraft sales. Service contracts typically deliver margins 10 to 15 percent higher than manufacturing alone. Furthermore, the inclusion of 70 purchase options signals deep, long-term customer commitment. Analysts forecast that Bombardier’s aftermarket revenue could grow by 7 to 9 percent annually through 2030, outpacing growth in its manufacturing segment. The scale of this deal, combined with the sector’s overall expansion and the potential $4 billion upside from additional options, is expected to attract significant investor interest and drive substantial value creation. As business aviation enters a new phase of growth, Bombardier’s innovative service partnership model positions the company at the forefront of a rapidly evolving market—one where enduring customer relationships and recurring revenue streams are becoming essential to sustainable success.