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Air New Zealand Airbus A320 Engine Failure Linked to Damaged Cockpit Switch

Air New Zealand Airbus A320 Engine Failure Linked to Damaged Cockpit Switch
Incident Overview and Investigation Findings
New Zealand’s Transport Accident Investigation Commission (TAIC) has identified a damaged cockpit switch as the cause of an uncommanded engine shutdown on an Air New Zealand Airbus A320neo last year. The incident occurred on December 1, 2024, during a flight from Wellington to Sydney. Approximately 40 minutes into the flight, one of the aircraft’s Pratt & Whitney PW1127GA-JM engines unexpectedly shut down over the Tasman Sea. The captain declared an emergency and diverted the aircraft to Auckland, where it landed safely without any injuries to passengers or crew.
TAIC’s interim report revealed that the engine shutdown was triggered by a defect in the overhead fire control panel. Specifically, a retaining pin designed to secure the engine fire push button had been bent prior to installation, compromising its ability to lock the switch in place. This deformation allowed in-flight forces to activate the switch inadvertently, causing the engine to shut down without pilot input. Post-flight inspections confirmed the fire push button remained in the activated position, with both pilots affirming they had not touched it during the flight.
Louise Cook, TAIC’s Chief Investigator, noted that the switch is located on a panel above and behind the pilots’ heads, and that standard post-shutdown procedures did not require the crew to check this control. Further examination traced the fault to supplier mishandling: the retention pin had been bent by 2.73°, exceeding the manufacturer’s tolerance of plus or minus 1°. The fire panel, originally manufactured in 2015, had previously been installed on another Air New Zealand aircraft before being repaired and fitted to the incident aircraft, registered ZK-NHA, in 2020.
Broader Implications and Industry Response
The discovery of the damaged switch has prompted Airbus to issue a directive mandating inspection and, where necessary, replacement of affected fire control panels across the global A320 fleet within two years. This incident has also drawn attention to wider quality control challenges within the A320 family.
In parallel, Airbus recently initiated a major software recall affecting more than 6,000 A320-series aircraft worldwide. This recall addresses concerns that intense solar radiation could corrupt flight control data, potentially jeopardizing aircraft safety. The software issue impacts both in-service and newly produced aircraft, compelling airlines to expedite fixes to prevent operational disruptions, especially during the peak holiday travel period.
The market reacted swiftly to these developments, with Airbus shares experiencing a notable decline as airlines and regulators evaluated the full extent of the problems.
The Air New Zealand event highlights the critical importance of stringent quality assurance in both hardware and software components of modern commercial aircraft. Investigations and remedial measures remain ongoing as manufacturers and operators strive to maintain confidence in the world’s most widely used single-aisle jet family.

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